稱重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)感器(qi)實際上是一種(zhong)將質(zhi)量(liang)信(xin)號轉變(bian)為可(ke)測(ce)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)信(xin)號輸出的(de)(de)(de)裝置。用傳(chuan)感器(qi)應先要考慮傳(chuan)感器(qi)所處的(de)(de)(de)實際工作環境(jing)，這(zhe)點對正確選用稱重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)感器(qi)至關重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要，它關系(xi)到傳(chuan)感器(qi)能否正常(chang)工作以及它的(de)(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)和(he)使用壽命(ming)，乃(nai)至整個(ge)衡器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)靠性(xing)和(he)安(an)全(quan)(quan)性(xing)。在稱重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)感器(qi)主要技術(shu)指標的(de)(de)(de)基本概(gai)念和(he)評(ping)價(jia)方(fang)法上，新(xin)舊國標有(you)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)差異。主要有(you)S型、懸臂型、輪輻式(shi)(shi)、板環式(shi)(shi)、膜盒式(shi)(shi)、橋式(shi)(shi)、柱筒式(shi)(shi)等(deng)幾種(zhong)樣式(shi)(shi)。稱重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)感器(qi)性(xing)能的(de)(de)(de)好壞很大程度(du)上取決于制造材(cai)(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)選擇。稱重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)感器(qi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)包括以下幾個(ge)部分：應變(bian)片材(cai)(cai)料(liao)、彈(dan)性(xing)體材(cai)(cai)料(liao)[4]、貼片黏合劑(ji)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)、密(mi)封膠(jiao)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)、引線(xian)密(mi)封材(cai)(cai)料(liao)和(he)引線(xian)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)。

  一(yi)般情(qing)況下(xia)，高溫環(huan)境對傳感(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)造(zao)成(cheng)涂覆材料融化(hua)、焊點開(kai)化(hua)、彈(dan)性體內應(ying)力發(fa)生結構變化(hua)等問(wen)題(ti)；粉(fen)塵、潮濕對傳感(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)造(zao)成(cheng)短路(lu)的(de)影響；在腐蝕性較高的(de)環(huan)境下(xia)會造(zao)成(cheng)傳感(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)彈(dan)性體受損或產生短路(lu)現(xian)象；電磁場對傳感(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)輸出(chu)會產生干(gan)擾。相應(ying)的(de)環(huan)境因素下(xia)我們必須選擇對應(ying)的(de)稱重(zhong)傳感(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)才(cai)能滿足必要的(de)稱重(zhong)要求(qiu)。

  應用(yong)領(ling)(ling)域(yu)很廣(guang)，比如鋁(lv)合金(jin)懸臂(bei)梁(liang)傳(chuan)感器適(shi)(shi)合于(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)計(ji)價秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、平臺(tai)秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、案秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)等；鋼式懸臂(bei)梁(liang)傳(chuan)感器適(shi)(shi)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)皮帶(dai)秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、分選秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)等；鋼質橋式傳(chuan)感器適(shi)(shi)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)軌道衡(heng)、汽(qi)(qi)車(che)衡(heng)等；柱式傳(chuan)感器適(shi)(shi)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)衡(heng)、動態軌道衡(heng)、大噸位料(liao)(liao)斗(dou)秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)等。稱重傳(chuan)感器主要應用(yong)在(zai)各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)衡(heng)器、工業(ye)控制(zhi)(zhi)領(ling)(ling)域(yu)、在(zai)線控制(zhi)(zhi)、安全過載報警、材料(liao)(liao)試(shi)驗機等領(ling)(ling)域(yu)。如電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)衡(heng)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)臺(tai)秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)叉車(che)、動態軸重秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)吊鉤秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)計(ji)價秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)鋼材秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)軌道衡(heng)、料(liao)(liao)斗(dou)秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、配料(liao)(liao)秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、罐裝秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)等。

  主要構成：

  敏感元件

  直接感受被測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(質量(liang)(liang))并(bing)輸出與被測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)有確(que)定關系的(de)(de)其他量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)元件。如電(dian)阻應變(bian)式(shi)稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)傳感器的(de)(de)彈性(xing)體(ti)(ti)，是將被測(ce)(ce)物體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)轉變(bian)為形變(bian);電(dian)容式(shi)稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)傳感器的(de)(de)彈性(xing)體(ti)(ti)將被測(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)轉變(bian)為位移。

  變換元件

  又稱(cheng)(cheng)傳感(gan)(gan)元件(jian)，是將敏感(gan)(gan)元件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出轉變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)便于測量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)號。如電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)應(ying)(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)式稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)傳感(gan)(gan)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)應(ying)(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)計(或稱(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)應(ying)(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)片(pian))，將彈性體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)形變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)轉換為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua);電(dian)(dian)(dian)容式稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)傳感(gan)(gan)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)，將彈性體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)位移轉變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)。有時(shi)某些元件(jian)兼有敏感(gan)(gan)元件(jian)和變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)換元件(jian)兩者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)職能。如電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓式稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)傳感(gan)(gan)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)材料，在外載荷的(de)(de)(de)作用下，在發生(sheng)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形的(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)輸(shu)(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)。

  測量元(yuan)件

  將(jiang)變(bian)換(huan)元件的(de)輸(shu)出變(bian)換(huan)為(wei)電(dian)信號，為(wei)進一步傳輸(shu)、處理、顯示、記錄(lu)或控(kong)制提供方便。如電(dian)阻應變(bian)式稱(cheng)重(zhong)傳感器中的(de)電(dian)橋電(dian)路，壓(ya)電(dian)式稱(cheng)重(zhong)傳感器的(de)電(dian)荷前置放大(da)器。

  輔助電源

  為傳(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)的電(dian)(dian)信號輸(shu)出提供能(neng)量。一(yi)般稱(cheng)重傳(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)均需外鏈電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)才能(neng)工作(zuo)。因此，作(zuo)為一(yi)個產(chan)品(pin)必須標明供電(dian)(dian)的要(yao)求(qiu)，但不(bu)作(zuo)為稱(cheng)重傳(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)的組成部分。有(you)些傳(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)，如(ru)磁電(dian)(dian)式(shi)速度傳(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)，由(you)于(yu)他輸(shu)出的能(neng)量較大，故不(bu)需要(yao)輔(fu)助電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)也能(neng)正常(chang)工作(zuo)。所以(yi)并非所有(you)傳(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)都要(yao)有(you)輔(fu)助電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)。